Specification of Solar Water Heater
SOLAR
WATER HEATER
INTRODUCTION
This Method Statement of Solar
Water Heater covers, types, apparatus, and technical requirement material specification,
testing of material, and general requirements.
OBJECT
We are
blessed with solar energy in abundance at no cost. The solar radiation incident
on the surface of the earth can be conveniently utilize or the benefit of human
society. One of the popular devices that harness the solar energy is Solar Hot
Water System.
HEALTH AND SAFETY
PROVISION
·
Safety is the most important consideration while
installing the system. Always wear PPEs.
·
Proper access for the worker and equipment is to be
provided to the work place
·
Working place should be free from all kind of
debris
·
All the safety measures are covered in the project
safety plan
PREPATORY WORK
Selection of suitable solar water heater
·
Flat plat collector based system are of metallic
type and have longer life
Flat
Plate Collector (FPC)
The
solar radiation is absorbed by flat plate collector which consists of an
insulated outer metallic box covered on the top with glass sheet. Inside there
are blackened metallic absorber (selectively coated) sheets with build in channels or risers tube to carry water. The absorber absorbs radiation and
transfer the heat to the flowing water.
Fig-2 flat Plate Collector
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SPECIFICATIONS
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Sr No
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Description
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Specification
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Hot
water storage tank
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Material
of Storage Tank
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S.S.AISI
304 – 400 LPD capacity with 1.25mm wall Thickness
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Insulation
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PUF
50mm thick,32 Kg/cu.mt, CFC free.
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Outer
clading
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S.S.AISI
430.
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Circulation
pipe
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S.S.
AISI 316,1.5mm thick, with 1" BSP end connection.
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Inter
connecting pipe
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High
pressure steam hose with both side 1" BSP swivel nut.
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Collar
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S.S.AISI
304.
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Maximum
working pressure
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Atmospheric.
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Collector
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Absorber
Material
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Electro
grade copper with 99.9%.
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Absorber
Coating
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Selective
black chrome electroplated,to withstand 300 degree centigrade.
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Raiser
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12.5mm
+/- 0.5mm Copper tube.
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Header
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25.4mm
+/- 0.5mm Copper tube.
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Bonding
– Header & Raiser
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Copper
brazing.
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Bonding
– Fin & Raiser Tube
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Ultrasonic
welding.
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Back
insulation
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Rock
wool/Mineral wool/Fibre glass wool with 48 Kg/cu.mt density.
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Side
insulation
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PUF
with 25mm thick, 38 Kg/cu.mt density.
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Collector
box
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Aluminium
extruded channel with P.P.Coating.
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Collector
bottom sheet
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Aluminium
sheet, 0.71+/-0.08 mm thick
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Collector
stand
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M.S
Structure with P.P.coating
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Glazing
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Toughened
glass, 4mm thick with low iron, Transmissivity>87%@near normal incidence.
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Retainer
angle for Glass
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Extruded
aluminium angle with Polyester Powder coating.
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Beading
for glass
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EPDM
rubber.
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Absorber
area
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2
Sq.mt+/-0.1sq.mt/collector.
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Heat
transfer media
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Water.
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Collector
area
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2.132
sq.mt
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Number
of Fins/Collector
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9 nos.
FRUL = 3.64 W/m² °C
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Dimension
of collector
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2050
Lx 1040B x100H mm.
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FUNCTION
Open loop System (Direct Heating)
In this
system water tank is connected to collectors directly. The water which is being
used flow through collector and collected in tank. Fresh water inlet at bottom
of tank.We are using this System only
CIRCULATION
Thermosyphon
System (Passive Solar Heater)
In this
system water flows through thermosyphon phenomena. Cold water settled down in
collector hot water goes up stored in tanks
APPARATUS /
EQUIPMENT
There are majorly three parts in all solar water
heaters
Flat plate collector
Supporting
structure for collector, tank, and piping etc
Supporting Structure-
The structure shall be of non corrosive material or
have corrosion resistant protective coating. It will be strong enough to
sustain their pressure during the life time of system. Supporting structure for
storage tank made out of angle frame 35x35x5 mm up to 200 liter and 65x65x5mm
for the capacity above 200 liter. Collector support structure should be in a
position of withstand a wind velocity of 100Km /Hr . The vertical supports
shall be firmly grouted with roof.
WORKMANSHIP
·
The entire surface shall be smooth and free from
roughness, raised spots, scale or any other surface defects. Sharp edges and
corners shall be rounded off.
·
There will not be any leakage observed in the
system from any tank /collector /pipe line
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All the stands should be cleaned degreased with
help of three in one solution .Two coats of zinc chromate red oxide primer
shall be applied followed by two coat of enamel paint of approved colour.
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The collector box when made of CRCA or HRC steel shall
be given corrosion resistant coating on both side These coating may be
following type and shall satisfy the requirement given against each.
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Type of coating
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Thickness
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Test to be qualified
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Painting
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Resistance to abrasion as per IS 5116
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Electroplating
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40µm.Min
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Thickness & adhesion as per IS 1573
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Powder Coating
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40µm.Min
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Resistance to abrasion as per IS 5116
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·
Pedestals size shall not less than 300x300x300 mm
of M15
The workmanship and aesthetics of the system will
be good and it should be visible to anybody
INSTRUMENTS
·
Temperature gauge one no ( at hot water storage
tank)
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Gun metal strainer at cold water inlet
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NRV at cold water inlet ( where cold water tank is
not provided or cold water supplied through OHT )
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Air vent at appropriate places without hindrance of
the spring leaded valve to prevent air locking in the system should be
provided. For this purpose the system shall have at a suitable point,
atmospheric condition preferably in the high temperature zone.
PROCEDURE OR
METHODOLOGY
·
System installed in a high windy area will be well
grouted, clamped with collector in a way that’s its able to sustain the highest
wind pressure of that area.
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All the collector will be south facing inclined at
suitable angle to give best performance in winter.
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There will not any shadow falling on the collector
from nearby structure or of the other collector in front or back row.
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The load of absorber should not be on the insulation.
It should be taken by the collector box.
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The air gap between the glazing and the absorber
should be 25mm ( + 5).
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Insulation should not be allowed to slide.
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Glazing should be fixed on collector box by using
EPDM/Neoprene/ silicon rubber channel.
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Glass should be firmly held without strain taking
into account the expansion of glass.
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Maximum no of collector in series should not be
more than ten.
INSPECTION
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All
panel should be south facing
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There
should be no shadow over the collector plate.
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All
connection pipe from tank to collector plate should be pressure pipe bearing
4kg/cm² or GI Pipe
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Angle
of collector plate should be suitable as per sun direction
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Storage
tank should not be leaking
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All
pipe line to be checked and there should
be no leakage found
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Inspection
over collection tank should be as per requirement/specification.
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Air
vat should be provided for water tank
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Pressure
gauge should be mounted over water tank
Comments